Calender



1967 1'. AGRONINETAL 33331533 CALENDER Filed Feb. 15, 1965 2 SheetsSheetl o/mg/ MW, Mamba! A TTORNEYS.

T. AGRONIN ETAL 3,333,533

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United States Patent 3,333,533 CALENDER Tany Agronin, David E. Lamon,and Edgar E. Thomas,

Appleton, Wis., assignors to Appleton Machine Company, a corporation ofWisconsin Filed Feb. 15, 1965, Ser. No. 432,653 Claims. (Cl. 100-162)ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A three-roll burnishing calender in which thelower and intermediate rolls rotate at the same peripheral speed and inwhich the upper roll is driven at a peripheral speed different than theperipheral speed of the first two rolls to allow for a set amount ofoverspeed. The nip opening between the lower and middle roll and betweenthe middle and upper rolls are adjusted to eflFect smoothing of the webpassing therebetween and to effect appropriate burnishing of the web.

The three rolls are mounted in a vertically spaced relationship with theintermediate roll journaled in bearing housings that are keyed immovablyto the frame. The intermediate roll is connected by gears to a bottomroll that is mounted in bearing housings that are adjustably spacedrelative to the bearing housings of the intermediate roll. The upperroll is mounted in bearing housings that are adjustable relative to theintermediate roll and are provided with independent drive means so thatit can be driven at a set amount of overspeed relative to the speed ofthe web fixed by the bottom roll drive.

The apparatus in question comprises a frame, three calendering rolls, anunwind roll, a rewind roll, and three adjustable idler rolls. The uppercalender roll is a paperfilled roll, the intermediate calender roll in asteel roll, and the lower calender roll is chrome plated steel. One ofthe idler rolls is mounted between the calendering rolls and the unwindroll. The second idler roll is mounted beyond the calender rolls. Thethird idler roll is mounted between the calender rolls and the rewindroll. The boxboard web is fed through the nip of the intermediate rolland the bottom roll. The nip opening between the bottom roll and theintermediate roll is adusted to cause them to smooth the boxboard web asit passes between them. The boxboard web is fed around the idler rollbeyond the calendering rolls and is turned back through the nip openingbetween the intermediate roll and the upper roll. The overspeed of theupper roll and the size of the nip opening between the intermediate rolland the upper roll cause them to burnish the box-board web as it passesbetween them. The rewind roll is driven to pull the boxboard web throughthe burnishing rolls and on to the rewind roll.

The structure by means of which the above-mentioned and other advantagesof the invention are attained will be described in the followingspecification, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawingsillustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention, in which:

FIGURE 1 is a side elevational view of the apparatus embodying theinvention;

FIGURE 2 is a fragmentary elevational view showing the arrangement ofthe calendering rolls;

FIGURE 3 is a fragmentary front elevational view showing the drivingconnections for the calendering rolls;

FIGURE 4 is a schematic view of the calender rolls with the boxboard webbetween the rolls;

FIGURE 5 is a fragmentary view, partly in section and partly inelevation, showing the ram for applying pressure to the bearing housingsof the bottom roll; and

FIGURE 6 is a view, partly in section and partly in ice elevation,showing the means for regulating the position of the bottom rollrelative to the intermediate roll.

In the drawings, a frame 10 includes a base 11 that supports a pair ofspaced uprights 12 and 13 ateach end of the frame. A channel member 14-connects the uprights 12, .and a similar channel member (not shown)connects the uprights 13. A top member 15 is secured to the upper end ofeach pair of uprights to provide a rigid frame structure. A motor 16,mounted on the base 11, has its output shaft 17 projecting outwardly ofthe base. A sheave 18 is fixed-to the portion of shaft 17 that projectsoutwardly of the base.

Each of the uprights 12 and 13 is provided with a strip 19 on its inneredge to form a guideway at each end of the frame. Three bearing housings20, 21 and 22 are. mounted in each of the guideways at each end of theframe. The intermediate bearing housings 21 are preferably secured tothe guideways in axial alignment at 0pposite sides of the frame, but maybe secured directly to the frame. Although it is preferred to have asingle guide wall at each end of the frame, separate guideways may beprovided for each of the bearing housings 20 and 22. However, eachintermediate bearing housing 21 must be in vertical alignment with abearing housing 20 and with a bearing housing 22. Two flat plates 53 aresecured to each bearing housing 20 and 22 at each end of the bearinghousings by screws or bolt 54. Each pair of plates 53 straddle one ofthe strips 19 to slidably mount the bearing housings 20 and 22 in theguideway between the strips 19. A shaft 23 is rotatably mounted in thetop pair of hearing housings 20, a shaft 24 is rotatably mounted in theintermediate pair of bearing housings 21, and a shaft 25 is rotatablymounted in the bottom pair of bearing housings 22. Each of the shafts23, 24 and 25 projects outwardly beyond the uprights 12 and 13 on oneside of the frame.

A sheave 26 is mounted on the shaft 23 outwardly of the frame 10. A gear27 is mounted on the shaft 24 and is meshed with a gear 28 that ismounted on the shaft 25. A sheave 29, also mounted on the shaft 25, isdriven by a belt 30 that extends around the sheaves 18 and 29. The shaft23 is driven independently by a motor 31 that is mounted on a bracket 32projecting outwardly from one of the uprights 14. A belt 33 is trainedover the sheave 26 and a sheave 34 mounted on the output shaft 35 of themotor 31.

A paper filled roll 36 is mounted on the shaft 23, a steel roll 37 ismounted on the intermediate shaft 24, and a chrome plated steel roll 38is mounted on the shaft 25. The roll 37 is much larger in diameter thanthe roll 38 and the gear 27 is proportionately larger than the gear 28so the intermeshed engagement thereof causes the rolls 37 and 38 to havethe same surface speed when they are rotated. The spacing between thebottom roll 38 and the intermediate roll 37, which forms a smoothingnip, is regulated by a pair of juxtaposed wedge-shaped blocks 39 and 40mounted between the bearing housings 21 and 22 at each end of the frame.Each top block 39 has ears 41 projecting into recesses 42 in the strips19 and secured to the strips by bolts or screws 43. The block 39 has itsbottom surface 44 inclined, and has a pair of spaced slots 45 extendingvertically through the block. A pair of screws 46 extending through theslots 45 are threaded into recesses 47 in the lower block 40 to hold thelower block with its upper inclined surface 48 in engagement with theinclined bottom surface 44 of the block 39.

The lower block 40 is shorter than the top block 39, and the slots 45 inthe top block permit the block 40 to he slid longitudinally relative tothe block 39. The longitudinal movement of the block 40 varies thevertical distance between the top surface 49 of the top block and thebottom surface 50 of the lower block to provide a micrometer calipertype of adjustment between the peripheral surfaces of the rolls 37 and38. The length of each slot 45 limits the longitudinal sliding movementof the block 40 relative to the block 39 to such a distance that thevertical movement of the block 40 is less than the radial overlap of themeshed gears 27 and 28, thus preventing disengagement of said gears.Screws 51 passing through each strip 19 are threaded in recesses 52 inopposite ends of the block 40 to hold the block 40 in any adjustedposition.

Each of the bearing housings 22 is moved upwardly and held with itsupper edge in engagement with the bottom surface of one of the blocks 40by a hydraulic ram 55. It is preferred to have a ram at each end of theframe, but a single ram may be provided to move both bearing housings22. Each ram is mounted in a bore 56 in a block 57 on top of the base11, and is provided with an O-ring 58 to prevent the hydraulic fluidfrom leaking out of the bore 56. Each ram is moved upwardly by fluidforced under pressure through a conduit 59, but the bearing housings aremoved downwardly by gravity. The weight of the roll 38 moves the bearinghousings 22 downwardly when the rams 55 are lowered. The engagement ofthe bearing housings 22 with the block 40 provides a fixed nip openingbetween the peripheral surfaces of the rolls 37 and 38. The web 60 ofboxboard is smoothed by engagement with the steel surface of the roll 37and the chrome plated surface of the roll 38 as it passes through thenip opening between the rolls 37 and 38.

A plate 61 mounted on top of each bearing housing 20 is secured to thelower end of a piston rod 62, as indicated at 63. The plate 61 is forceddownwardly against the bearing housing 20 by a piston 64 slidablymounted in a loading cylinder 65 to regulate the nip pressure betweenrolls 36 and 37. The nip pressure between the rolls 36 and 37 isindependent of the nip pressure between the rolls 37 and 38 and isindependently controlled at each end of the roll. The speed at which theweb 60 is fed through the machine is regulated by the speed of thebottom drive gears 27 and 28 which cause the rolls 37 and 38 to berotated at the same peripheral speed. The roll 36 is driven by aseparate variable speed drive and is usually driven faster than the web60 to provide a burnishing action on the boxboard as it passes throughthe nip opening between the rolls 36 and 37. The overspeed percentage ofthe roll 36 relative to the web remains fixed for any machine speed, butcan be changed readily to vary the burnishing action.

An upright 66 is tied at its upper end to each upright 12 by a channel67. The uprights 66 may be reinforced in any suitable manner. A shaft68, on which an unwind roll 69 is carried, is rotatably mounted onsupport members 70 projecting from uprights 66. A shaft 71, on which arewind roll 72 is carried, is rotatably mounted on support members 73projecting from uprights 66. A bracket 74 projects from uprights 66 tosupport a motor 75 that drives rewind shaft 71. The web 60 is fed fromthe unwind roll over the top of an idler roll 76, between rolls 37 and38, around a second idler roll 77, between rolls 36 and 37, under athird idler roll 78, and on to the rewind shaft 71.

The roll 76 has a shaft 79 that is journaled in bearing blocks 80, eachof which is slidably mounted in a U- shaped bracket 81. The bracket 81is mounted on a channel member 82 projecting laterally from the upright12. A screw 83, having one end secured to the bearing block 80, isthreaded through a threaded aperture (not shown) in the transverseportion 84 of the bracket. The screw 83 is turned to move the bearingblock 80 to adjust the position of the shaft 79 to prevent slack in theweb 60 between the unwind roll and the nip of rolls 37 and 38.

The idler rolls 77 and 7-8 are each mounted similarly to the idler roll76 and the structure that is identical will be designated by the samereference numerals. The only difference in the mounting of these threeidler rolls is that the U-shaped bracket 81 in which the bearing blockof the roll 77 is mounted is turned at right angles to the brackets ofthe other idler rolls. The bracket 81' for the roll 77 is mounted on achannel 85 that extends at right angles to the channel member 82. Theidler roll 77 turns the web 60, after it passes between the smoothingrolls 37 and 38, through so that it can pass between the burnishingrolls 36 and 37. The idler roll 78 is adjusted to prevent slack in theweb 60 between the burnishing rolls and the rewind roll.

Although I have described a preferred embodiment of the invention inconsiderable detail, it will be understood that the description thereofis intended to be illustrative, rather than restrictive, as many detailsof structure may be modified or changed without departing from thespirit or scope of the invention. Accordingly, I do not desire to berestricted to the exact structure disclosed.

We claim:

1. A burnishing calender comprising a frame, three calender rolls havingparallel shafts mounted in said. frame with the peripheral surface of afirst roll adjacent the peripheral surfaces of a second and a thirdroll, drive means for rotating said first and second rolls at the sameperipheral speed, separate drive means for rotating said third roll at aperipheral speed greater than the speed of said first two rolls, meansfor regulating the nip opening :between said first two rolls, pressuremeans urging said third roll toward said first roll, and means forfeeding a paper web through the nip opening between said first andsecond rolls to smooth it, and then through the nip opening between saidfirst and third rolls to burnish it.

2. A burnishing calender comprising a frame, three calender rolls havingparallel shafts mounted in said frame with the peripheral surface of afirst roll adjacent the peripheral surfaces of a second and a thirdroll, intermeshed gears mounted on the shafts of said first and secondrolls, means for driving one of said gears for rotating said first andsecond rolls at the same peripheral speed, separate driving means forrotating said third roll at a peripheral speed different than the speedof said first two rolls, means for moving the shaft of said second rolltoward the shaft of said first roll to regulate the nip opening betweensaid first two rolls, a stop member fixed adjacent said last-mentionedmeans for limiting the movement of the shaft of said second roll to adistance less than the radial overlap of said intermeshed gears tothereby prevent disengagement of said gears, pressure means urging saidthird roll toward said first roll, and means for feeding a paper webthrough the nip opening between said first and second rolls to smoothit, and then through the nip opening between said first and third rollsto burnish it.

3. A burnishing calender comprising a frame, three pairs of bearinghousings mounted on said frame, three calender rolls each having a shaftrotatably mounted in one of said pairs of bearing housings with theperipheral surface of a first roll adjacent the peripheral surfaces of asecond and third roll, means for moving the bearing housings of saidsecond roll toward the bearing housings of said first roll to regulatethe nip opening between said first and second rolls, pressure meansurging the bearing housings of said third roll toward the bearinghousings of said first roll, means for feeding a paper web through thenip opening of said first and second rolls and then through the nipopening between said first and third rolls, drive means for rotatingsaid first and second rolls at the same peripheral speed to smooth apaper web as it is fed between said first and second rolls, and separatedrive means for rotating said third roll at a peripheral speed greaterthan the speed of said first two rolls to burnish the paper web as it isfed between said first and third rolls.

4. A burnishing calender comprising a frame, two guideways on oppositesides of said frame, a bearing housing fixed in alignment with each ofsaid guideways,

two bearing housings slidably mounted in each of said guideways onopposite sides of said first bearing housing, three calender rolls eachhaving a shaft mounted in one of said pairs of bearing housings with theperipheral surface of a first roll adjacent the peripheral surface of asecond and a third roll, means for moving the bearing housings of saidsecond roll toward the bearing housings of said first roll to regulatethe nip opening between said first and second rolls, pressure meansurging the bearing housings of said third roll toward the bearinghousings of said first roll, means for feeding a paper web through thenip opening of said first and second rolls and then through the nipopening between said first and third rolls, drive means for rotatingsaid first and second rolls at the same peripheral speed to smooth apaper web as it is fed between said first and second rolls, and separatedrive means for rotating said third roll at a peripheral speed greaterthan the peripheral speed of said first two rolls to burnish a paper webas it is fed between said first and third rolls. 7

5. A burnishing calender comprising a frame, two guideways on oppositesides of said frame, a bearing housing fixed in alignment with each ofsaid guideways, two bearing housings slidably mounted in each of saidguideways on opposite sides of said first bearing housing, 25

three calender rolls each having a shaft mounted on one of said pairs ofbearing housings with the peripheral surface of a first roll adjacentthe peripheral surfaces of a second and a third roll, a pair ofwedge-shaped blocks positioned between the bearing housings of saidfirst and second shafts, means to move said second roll relative to saidfirst roll, means to slide one of said blocks longitudinally relative tothe other and thereby regulate the nip opening between said first andsecond rolls, pressure means urging the bearing housings of said thirdroll toward the bearing housings of said first roll, means for feeding apaper web through the nip opening of said first and second rolls andthen through the nip opening between said first and third rolls, drivemeans for rotating said first and second rolls at the same peripheralspeed to smooth a paper web as it is fed between said first and secondrolls, and separate drive means for rotating said third roll at agreater peripheral speed than the speed of said first two rolls toburnish a paper web as it is fed between said first and third rolls.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 82,882 10/1868 Sheperd et al.100162 296,081 4/1884 Steel 100168 X 457,395 8/1891 Bowen 1001631,498,237 6/1924 Daniels 100-167 1,575,539 3/1926 Butterworth 100-162FOREIGN PATENTS 704,394 2/ 1954 Great Britain.

WILLIAM I. PRICE, Primary Examiner.

1. A BURNISHING CALENDER COMPRISING A FRAME, THREE CALENDER ROLLS HAVINGPARALLEL SHAFTS MOUNTED IN SAID FRAME WITH THE PERIPHERAL SURFACE OF AFIRST ROLL ADJACENT THE PERIPHERAL SURFACES OF A SECOND AND A THIRDROLL, DRIVE MEANS FOR ROTATING SAID FIRST AND SECOND ROLLS AT THE SAMEPERIPHERAL SPEED, SEPARATE DRIVE MEANS FOR ROTATING SAID THIRD ROLL AT APERIPHERAL SPEED GREATER THAN THE SPEED OF SAID FIRST TWO ROLLS, MEANSFOR REGULATING THE NIP OPENING BETWEEN SAID FIRST TWO ROLLS, PRESSUREMEANS URGING SAID THIRD ROLL TOWARD SAID FIRST ROLL, AND MEANS FORFEEDING A PAPER WEB THROUGH THE NIP OPENING BETWEEN SAID FIRST ANDSECOND ROLLS TO SMOOTH IT, AND THEN THROUGH THE NIP OPENING BETWEEN SAIDFIRST AND THIRD ROLLS TO BURNISH IT.